NCERT Environmental Studies (EVS) important notes Part 7 for AEES, KVS, NVS, DSSSB, UPTET, REET, CTET, BTET, MPTET, HTET and All other Teaching Exams
NCERT
Environmental Studies
Important Notes
Part 7
- Animals also have different senses. They can see, hear, taste, smell and feel. Some animals can see their prey from far away. Some can hear even the faintest sound. Some animals can find their friends by their smell.
- Many years ago a scientist found out that as the ants move, they leave a smell on the ground. The other ants follow the smell to find the way.
- Some male insects can recognize their females by their smell.
- Mosquitoes can find you by the smell of your body. The also find you by the smell of the sole of your feet and the heat of your body.
- Silk worm finds female worm from many kilometers away by her smell.
- Dog mark out their own area on the road. They can make out if another dog has come into their area by the smell of its urine or potty (latrine).
- Most of the birds have their eyes on either side of the head. Their eyes can focus on two different things at a time. When they look straight ahead, both their eyes focus on the same object.
- Some birds like kites, eagles, vultures can see four times as far as we can. These birds can see things from a distance of eight metres what we can see from a distance of two meters.
- Animals cannot see as many colours as we can. It is believed that animals that are awake in the daytime can see some colours. Those animals that are awake at night can see things only in black and white colours.
- Elephants ears are bigger than our ears.
- Snakes do not have external ears(which you can see). They only feel the vibrations on the ground.
- High up on a tree, a langur warns others of dangers like a tiger or leopard. The langur does this by making a special warning call.
- Birds also give alarm calls to warn about the danger. Some birds even have different sounds for different kinds of dangers. For example, there is a different warning call if the enemy is coming from the sky or if the enemy is on the ground.
- Fishes give alarm call by electric signals.
- Some animals start behaving in a different way when an earthquake or storm is about to come. People who live in forests and can observe such behaviour of animals come to know of the danger.
- In December 2004, few tribes that live in the forests of the Andaman Islands noticed the animals behaving in a different manner. They guessed some danger. So they moved away to a safer part of the island. Soon after, the islands were hit by the tsunami but these people were saved.
- Dolphins also make different sounds to give messages to each other. Scientists believe that many animals have a special language of their own.
- Some animals go into a long, deep sleep in certain seasons. Then they are not seen for many months. For example, during the cold season you cannot see any lizard in the house.
Sloth
- Sloth is looks like a bear but is not. It spends almost 17 hours a day sleeping while hanging upside down on a tree branch. The sloth eats the leaves of the same tree on which it lives. It hardly needs anything else. When it has eaten enough leaves from that tree, it moves to the nearby tree. Sloth lives for about 40 years and in that time they move around only eight trees. Once a week it comes down from the tree to relieve itself.
- Cow sleeps 4 hours a day.
- Python sleeps 18 hours a day.
- Giraffe sleeps 2 hours a day.
- Cat sleeps 12 hours a day.
Tiger
- A tiger can see six times better at night than most of us.
- The tiger’s whiskers are very sensitive and can sense the movements or vibrations in air. They help the tiger move in the dark and find its prey.
- A tigers’ sense of hearing is so sharp that it can make out the difference between the rustling of leaves and the sound of an animal moving on the grass. The ears of the tiger can move in different directions and this helps to catch the sounds from all around.
- Tigers make different sounds for different purposes like when it is angry or to call out to a tigress. It can also roar or snarl. It’s roar can be heard upto 3 kilometres away.
- Each tiger has its own area which may cover several kilometres. Tigers mark their area with their urine. A tiger can at once come to know if there is another tiger in its area by the smell of the urine. A tiger will avoid going into another tiger’s area.
- Tiger is one of the most alert animals.
- Today many animals are killed and their parts are sold. Elephants are killed for their tusks, rhinoceros for its horn, tigers, crocodiles and snakes for their skins. Musk deer are killed just to make a little scent from its musk. People who kill animals are called hunters and poachers.
- The number of tigers and many other animals in our country is reducing.
There is a danger that some of them will soon disappear. - To protect the
animals, our government has made some forests as protected areas. Some
of them are the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttrakhand and ‘Ghana’ in
Bharatpur district of Rajasthan. In these areas nobody can hunt animals
or destroy the jungle.
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#NCERT Environmental Studies (EVS) important notes Part 7 for AEES, KVS, NVS, DSSSB, UPTET, REET, CTET, BTET, MPTET, HTET and All other Teaching Exams