IGNOU MSO-002 Assignment Answers 2025: Research Methodologies and Methods Solved Part 5

Question 6: Write a research report on Relevance of caste in contemporary politics in about 3000 words.

You can write this report based either on review of literature, or data collected from the primary
sources.
For review of literature you are to select either two books or four research articles published recently
on the selected topic of your choice. Write a review article focusing on the location of the study,
methodology followed and the main findings of these studies.
For the primary source you are to collect two case studies and write a report on the selected topic in a
comparative framework. While writing the report spell out clearly the objectives and the problems of
the study and
· problematise the issue within the existing/available literature,
· elaborate your observations, finding and conclusion coherently, and
· make proper referencing at the end.

Answer:

Research Report: Relevance of Caste in Contemporary Indian Politics

Abstract

This research report critically examines the enduring relevance of caste in contemporary Indian politics. Through a review of recent literature and analysis of political developments, the study explores how caste identities continue to shape electoral strategies, policy decisions, and social dynamics. The report highlights the complexities of caste-based mobilization, its implications for social justice, and the challenges it poses to national unity and democratic values.

Introduction

Caste has been a significant determinant in shaping India’s social fabric and continues to influence its political landscape. Despite constitutional provisions aimed at promoting equality, caste identities remain deeply embedded in the political discourse. This report delves into the multifaceted role of caste in contemporary politics, analyzing its impact on electoral processes, policy-making, and social cohesion.

Literature Review

2.1 Caste-Based Political Mobilization

Scholars have extensively documented the role of caste in political mobilization. The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in Uttar Pradesh and the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) in Bihar exemplify how political parties leverage caste identities to consolidate voter bases. These parties have successfully garnered support from marginalized communities, leading to significant electoral successes. However, such mobilization often deepens social divisions and fosters an environment where caste loyalty supersedes national interests. (reflections.live)

2.2 Caste and Electoral Strategies

Political parties frequently employ caste-based strategies to secure electoral victories. This practice, known as “vote bank politics,” involves targeting specific caste groups to garner support. While this approach has empowered marginalized communities, it has also led to the fragmentation of political parties and the rise of coalition politics, where parties must accommodate diverse caste interests to form stable governments. (Home tuition in Guwahati)

2.3 Social Fragmentation and Democratic Values

The emphasis on caste identities in politics has contributed to social fragmentation. The prioritization of group identity over individual merit can undermine democratic values and erode meritocracy. This erosion of democratic principles poses challenges to governance and national unity. (Home tuition in Guwahati)

Case Studies

3.1 Uttar Pradesh: Bahujan Samaj Party

The BSP, led by Mayawati, has effectively utilized caste-based mobilization to represent Dalit communities. In the 2007 Uttar Pradesh Assembly elections, the BSP secured 206 out of 403 seats, demonstrating its electoral strength. However, this focus on caste has also deepened divisions among communities, resulting in a fragmented society where caste loyalty often overshadows national interests. (reflections.live)

3.2 Bihar: Rashtriya Janata Dal

The RJD has adeptly navigated caste dynamics, primarily appealing to the Yadav community while forming alliances with other OBCs and SCs. In the 2020 Bihar Assembly elections, the RJD emerged as the largest party, despite not forming the government. This strategy has led to electoral victories but has also exacerbated inter-caste rivalries, causing violent confrontations and social unrest. (reflections.live)

Comparative Analysis

While both Uttar Pradesh and Bihar exhibit the influence of caste in politics, the manifestations differ. In Uttar Pradesh, the BSP’s focus on Dalit empowerment has led to significant electoral success but also social fragmentation. In Bihar, the RJD’s caste-based alliances have resulted in electoral gains but have also heightened inter-caste tensions. These case studies underscore the complexities of caste-based political mobilization and its implications for social cohesion.

Policy Implications

To address the challenges posed by caste in politics, the following policy recommendations are proposed:

Promote Inclusive Political Discourse: Encourage political parties to focus on inclusive policies that transcend caste identities, fostering national unity.(Home tuition in Guwahati)
Strengthen Legal Frameworks: Implement and enforce laws that prohibit caste-based discrimination and promote equal opportunities.
Enhance Education and Awareness: Promote education that emphasizes the values of equality and social justice, reducing the influence of caste in social and political spheres.

Conclusion

Caste continues to play a pivotal role in contemporary Indian politics. While caste-based mobilization has empowered marginalized communities, it has also contributed to social fragmentation and challenges to democratic values. Addressing the complexities of caste in politics requires a multifaceted approach that promotes inclusivity, strengthens legal frameworks, and fosters education that upholds the principles of equality and social justice.(Home tuition in Guwahati)

References